"Forever Chemicals" and the Future of Outdoor Gear
PFAS, or per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, are a large group of synthetic chemicals first created in the mid-20th century. They became popular because of their unique ability to resist water, oil, and stains, making them extremely useful in industries ranging from food packaging to firefighting foam. In outdoor gear, PFAS have been used for decades to provide waterproof and long-lasting protection in jackets, pants, boots, and gloves. These coatings help gear withstand harsh weather, keeping adventurers dry and comfortable in the elements.
However, the same properties that make PFAS so effective also make them harmful. PFAS are often called “forever chemicals” because the strong carbon-fluorine bonds in their structure make them nearly impossible to break down naturally. As a result, once they enter the environment, they can persist for decades or even centuries. PFAS easily spread through water systems and can travel long distances, contaminating rivers, lakes, and groundwater sources. Over time, they accumulate in plants, animals, and humans through drinking water, food, and even the air. Studies have shown that exposure to PFAS can lead to serious health problems, including certain types of cancer, thyroid disorders, liver damage, and weakened immune systems. In some communities, contaminated water supplies have forced large-scale cleanups that are expensive and difficult, as current technology struggles to fully remove PFAS once they are released. Because of their persistence and widespread use, PFAS pollution has become a global issue—one that extends far beyond the outdoor industry and affects ecosystems and public health worldwide. As these risks have become clearer, public concern and regulatory pressure have grown, pushing companies to find safer solutions.
In response, many outdoor brands are working hard to eliminate PFAS from their products while maintaining the same level of performance that consumers expect. Patagonia, one of the leaders in environmental responsibility, has pledged to completely remove PFAS from all new gear by 2025 and is investing heavily in plant-based, non-fluorinated waterproof coatings. Fjällräven has already eliminated fluorocarbons from its products and instead uses a durable wax made from beeswax and paraffin, which provides weather protection without the use of harmful chemicals. Spyder, a popular ski and outerwear brand, has begun producing PFAS-free skiwear lines, and Arc’teryx is in the process of transitioning its waterproof shells to new materials that rely on advanced textile engineering rather than chemical coatings. While this transition can be costly and complex—especially for gear that must withstand extreme weather—these brands are proving that high-performance outdoor clothing can be both effective and environmentally responsible. Their actions are inspiring other companies to follow suit and helping to redefine what sustainability looks like in the outdoor industry.
Although PFAS remain present in much of today’s outdoor gear, progress is clear. With scientific research guiding regulations, companies investing in new materials, and consumers choosing more sustainable products, the industry is steadily moving toward alternatives that maintain performance without harming people or the environment. The transition away from PFAS represents not only a technological shift but also a step toward greater responsibility in protecting both outdoor spaces and the people who enjoy them!
Arc’teryx to Eliminate PFAS by 2025.” Arc’teryx Equipment, 2023, https://blog.arcteryx.com/
“Forever Chemicals (PFAS).” United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2024, https://www.epa.gov/pfas.
“Patagonia’s Commitment to Eliminating PFAS.” Patagonia Environmental & Social Responsibility, 2024, https://www.patagonia.com/our-